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Frequently Asked Questions

Dental Care

Use a soft-bristled toothbrush, either electric or manual, and replace it every 3-4 months. For toothpaste, choose one with fluoride and consider your specific oral health needs, such as whitening or sensitivity. Look for the ADA Seal of Acceptance to ensure the product meets oral health standards. Consult your dentist for personalized recommendations

Yes, flossing is essential for removing plaque and food particles from between teeth and under the gumline. It helps prevent gingivitis, gum disease, bad breath, and tooth decay. Flossing once a day, combined with brushing and regular dental check-ups, keeps your teeth and gums healthy

Tooth sensitivity, bleeding gums, bad breath, tooth pain or discomfort, swelling or redness in gums, visible cavities, discoloration, or changes in bite. Consult your dentist if you experience any of these symptoms for proper evaluation and treatment

Dental tests help detect oral health issues early, preventing more severe problems. They allow dentists to identify cavities, gum disease, and other issues, provide preventive care, and develop personalized treatment plans. Regular dental tests can save you from pain and costly treatments, ensuring a healthier smile

Dental fillings repair teeth damaged by decay. The dentist removes the decayed portion, cleans the area, and fills it with a material like composite resin, amalgam, or gold. The filling restores the tooth's shape, function, and prevents further decay

Cardiology

A cardiologist is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing, treating, and preventing disorders and diseases of the heart and cardiovascular system. They provide care for conditions like heart failure, coronary artery disease, and arrhythmias, and often work with patients to manage risk factors and develop treatment plans

A cardiothoracic surgeon is a medical specialist who performs surgical operations on the heart, lungs, and other thoracic organs. They treat conditions like heart disease, lung cancer, and thoracic injuries, often performing complex procedures such as heart transplants, bypass surgeries, and lung resections

A stress test, also known as an exercise stress test or treadmill test, measures how your heart functions during physical activity. You'll walk on a treadmill or ride a stationary bike while your heart rate, blood pressure, and electrocardiogram (ECG) are monitored. The test helps diagnose coronary artery disease, assess heart function, and determine your safe level of exercise

Some cardiopulmonary problems can have a hereditary component. Conditions like high blood pressure, heart disease, and certain lung diseases can run in families due to genetic factors. However, lifestyle and environmental factors also play a significant role. If you have a family history, talk to your doctor about your risk and potential preventive measures.

Most cardiac tests are non-invasive and painless. Some might cause minor discomfort. For example, a stress test might make you feel tired or short of breath. An angiogram might cause mild discomfort or bruising at the catheter site. Your doctor will explain the procedure and what to expect

Diagnosis

Diagnostic errors occur when a diagnosis is missed, delayed, or incorrect. These errors can lead to inappropriate treatment, worsening of conditions, or even harm. Factors includes

There are many potential contributing factors, including incomplete medical history, misinterpretation of test results, lack of communication between healthcare providers, and complex or rare conditions. Research and efforts are ongoing to reduce diagnostic errors and improve patient safety.

Diagnostic errors are relatively common, affecting at least 5% of US adults, which translates to around 12 million adults every year. About half of these errors have the potential to lead to severe harm. Studies suggest that diagnostic errors occur in approximately 5.08% of outpatient cases, and diagnoses are wrong 10-15% of the time

Diagnostic errors can result from various factors, including:

There isn't a single cause; instead, it's often a combination of factors. These can include inadequate medical history, misinterpretation of test results, lack of communication between healthcare providers, inadequate follow-up, complex or rare conditions, and cognitive biases. Additionally, system-related issues like inadequate resources, inefficient processes, and lack of access to specialists can also contribute to diagnostic errors

Obstacles to accurate diagnosis can include incomplete or inaccurate medical history, limited access to medical records or test results, complex or rare conditions, and cognitive biases. Additionally, system-related issues like inadequate resources, inefficient processes, and lack of communication between healthcare providers can also hinder accurate diagnosis. Patient-related factors like unclear symptoms or failure to disclose important information can also play a rol

A formal diagnosis isn't always required, but it's typically necessary when you need to access specific treatments, insurance coverage, or disability benefits. Your healthcare provider can guide you on whether a formal diagnosis is needed for your situation.